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MI/WED 17 APRIL 1521
Zeit/Time: 16.00, Ort/Place: Kaisersaal, Bürgerhof (City Hall) Die erste Anhörung "vor dem Kaiser und der römischen Ratsversammlung" (Luther). Luther war enttäuscht, denn es kam nicht zur Debatte. Er durfte nur auf Fragen des kaiserlichen Wortführers, Prof. Eck, antworten. Er sollte seine Schriften identifizieren und wurde gefragt, ob er sie widerrufen wolle. Er bat um Bedenkzeit und wollte seine Antwort am nächsten Tag geben. The first hearing "before the Emperor and the Roman Assembly" (Luther, letter to Cuspinianus). Luther was disappointed; there was no debate. He was only allowed to reply to questions from the emperor's spokesman, archibishop Prof. Eck: he should identify his publications and recant them. He wanted to reconsider and give his reply next day. |
DO/THU 18 APRIL 1521
Am nächsten Tag verteidigte er seine Schriften und wünschte, dass man ihn anhand der Bibel widerlegen solle. Wiederum kam es zu keinem Dialog, denn der Kaiser hatte dem päpslt. Nuntius, Aleander, versprochen, keine öffentliche Diskussion zuzulassen. Luther blieb standhaft, verweigerte sich eines Widerrufes aus Gewissensgründen: „Ich kann nicht anders, hier stehe ich. Gott helfe mir, Amen“. Der Kaiser war erzürnt und erklärte die Sitzung für beendet. Für den Kaiser stand sicherlich fest, was man mit einem „Ketzer" machen sollte... On Thursday Luther defended his works and asked that one should prove him wrong based on the bible. Again, no dialogue because Emperor Charles V promised the papal spokesman, Aleander, not to have a public discussion! Luther remained firm as his conscious did not allow him to recant! Enraged, the emperor ended the meeting; for him it must have been certain what to do with such a heretic. |
FR/FRI 19 APRIL 1521
Für Karl V war die politische Situation nicht so einfach. Am Freitag rief er die Stände zur Beratung zusammen, doch diese baten um Aufschub. In der Nacht vom 19. zum 20. April wurden in der Stadt mit „Bundschuh“ (der Name aufständischer Bauernbünde) unterschriebene Plakate angeklebt. Fürsten und “Romanisten” wurde Feindschaft angekündigt, wenn dem „gerechten Luther“ ein Leid widerfahre. 8.000 Mann stünden bereit, für die gute Sache zu kämpfen. For Charles V, the political situation was not easy as he needed the support of the estates of the realm, and many of them supported Luther. On Friday he asked them for a meeting, but they demanded that it was deferred. In the night from the 19th to the 20th, bills were posted across the city of Worms signed by the peasant-led "Bundschuh movement" saying that 8,000 men are ready to defend the "righteous Luther"! |
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MI/WED 24 APRIL 1521
Ort/Location: Kaisersaal od. Kaiser- und Bf.pfalz? Der Kaiser hoffte noch auf einen Kompromiß, nämlich einen Teilwiderruf Luthers. Aus diesem Grund wurde Luther am Mittwoch, 24. April vor einen Ausschuß der Reichsstände zitiert, der größtenteils aus Landesfürsten und Politikern, nicht aus Theologen bestand. Man hoffte, daß Luther doch mindestens einiger der kontroversten Schriften widerrufen würde, wie "Von der Freiheit eines Christenmenschen". Emperor Charles V still hoped for some kind of compromise (mainly because he did not want to be isolated from his "vassals" on whom he had to rely, politically and financially). On Wednesday, Luther was demanded to attend a committee consisting of representatives of the estates of the realm, largely dominated by local sovereigns and politicians, not theologians. It was hoped that Martin Luther would recant at least some of his "worst" writings, notably On the Freedom of a Christian (De Libertate Christiana). But he did not! |
DO/THU 25 APRIL 1521
Ort/Location: Johanniterhof/St John's Court Am Donnerstag empfing Luther noch Gäste im Johanniterhof in der Kämmererstraße, darunter Peutinger und der Erzbischof von Trier, dem Wortführer des Kaisers. Sie wollten ihn von einem Teilwiderruf überzeugen. Doch Luther lehnte kategorisch ab. Nur drei Stunden nach dem Verlassen des Erzbischofs erhielt er den Befehl, Worms zu verlassen, und bekam die 21 Tage freien Geleits für seine Rückreise. On Thursday, Luther still received guests in the St John's Court, his lodging. Among them, there were supporters, like Peutinger, but also the emperor's spokesman, the archbishop of Trier. They wanted to convince him to recant a part of his writings. But he categorially refused! Three hours after the archbishop had left Luther, he was ordered to leave the city of Worms and return home! |
FR/FRI 26 APRIL 1521
Luther trat die Rückreise an. Luther left the city as ordered. DI/TUE 30 April 1521 Karl V rief die Stände zusammen, um über die mögliche Reichsacht gegen Martin Luther zu beraten. Das Mandat der Reichsacht wurde von Aleander ausgearbeitet. Aber der Kaiser war vorsichtig, da er die Unterstützung der Stände brauchte. Die Reichsacht wurde daher erst am letzten Tag des Reichstages, dem 25.5. publiziert, aber auf den 8.5. zurückdatiert. Am 30.5. wurden Luthers Schriften und Bücher demonstrativ auf dem Marktplatz verbrannt! Charles V convened the estates of the realm/empire to discuss possible imperial ban ("Reichsacht") against Martin Luther. The legal text was drafted by Aleander. But Charles V had to be careful as he needed the support of the estates for his planned wars! The ban was only published on 25 May when the diet closed! On 30 May, Luther's publications and books were demonstratively burned on the market square! |
Ein paar Quellen zum Reichstag 1521 // Some contemporary sources on the imperial diet (notably by the papal ambassador, Aleander)
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The information contained in this website is for general information purposes only. I endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, but I cannot guarantee its completeness, accuracy, reliability or suitability. I am not responsible for any action taken as a result of the information or advice on my website.
Through this website you are able to link to other, external websites which are not under my control; these links are being provided as a convenience and for informational purposes only; the inclusion of any links does not necessarily imply a recommendation or endorse the views expressed within them, and I bear no responsibility for the accuracy, legality or content of the external site or for that of subsequent links. Contact the external site for answers to questions regarding its content.
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The content and research of this website is protected by copyright. No portion of this website may be copied or replicated in any form without the written consent of the website owner. Many of the images on this page come from external sites: I have tried to find out the copyright owners of all the images on this page and I apologise if I missed someone or if I was not able to find the original sources/photographer/copyright owner. The site is still work-in-progress: sorry if I forgot to add a reference.
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